A hidden gem in Central Asia, Turkmenistan offers a surreal experience of futuristic marble cities, ancient ruins, and mesmerizing natural wonders. While the country remains relatively unexplored by tourists, those who venture here are rewarded with unique landscapes and a glimpse into a culture rich with tradition and history.
🔥 Highlight
Where else can you visit the “Gates of Hell” (Darvaza Crater), walk through a capital city made entirely of white marble, and explore ancient Silk Road ruins with no crowds in sight?
🏙️ Cities and Regions Worth Exploring
- Ashgabat: The country’s capital is a city of marble, fountains, and oversized monuments. Known for its architectural extravagance, Ashgabat features gleaming white buildings and golden statues, including the famous rotating gold statue of the former president.
- Darvaza Gas Crater: Also known as the “Door to Hell,” this natural gas field has been burning continuously for over 50 years, creating an otherworldly glow in the desert.
- Merv: One of the oldest cities in the world, Merv is an UNESCO World Heritage site. It offers the remains of ancient Silk Road oases, but with far fewer tourists than other archaeological sites.
- Konye-Urgench: This ancient site is home to impressive minarets and mausoleums from the 11th and 12th centuries, making it another UNESCO treasure.
🏜️ Nature and Adventure
- Yangykala Canyon: Often called Turkmenistan’s Grand Canyon, this stunning natural wonder features striking pink and orange cliffs, offering breathtaking views of the vast desert landscape.
- Karakum Desert: The desert covers much of the country, offering a stark yet beautiful terrain perfect for adventurers seeking solitude and peace.
- Caspian Sea Coast: With decaying Soviet-era resorts and opportunities for sturgeon fishing, the Caspian Sea coast is a unique place for exploration and relaxation.
🚶♀️ Exploring Countryside
Beyond the cities, Turkmenistan’s countryside offers a rare chance to step back in time. You can visit traditional villages, where life has remained largely unchanged for centuries. It’s the perfect place to connect with the country’s rich cultural heritage.
🌮 Food and Drink
- Plov (rice with mutton): A staple dish in Turkmenistan, often served at local canteens for around $3.
- Shashlik (grilled meat): Typically ranging from $2–5, it’s a popular dish in the country.
- Chai (tea): The national drink, served everywhere, but vodka is banned in the country.
🛏️ Accommodation Costs
- Budget: Soviet-era hotels are available for $30–60 per night, but they may lack modern amenities.
- Luxury: For a more lavish experience, the Oguzkent Hotel in Ashgabat offers luxurious rooms, priced upwards of $200 per night.
🎉 Festivals and Culture
- Melon Day (August): An unusual national holiday dedicated to celebrating Turkmenistan’s famous melons.
- Independence Day (September): This day features military parades and traditional dances, offering a glimpse into the country’s national pride.
🚗 Transportation
Public transportation is almost nonexistent, and travelers are encouraged to rent a car (with a mandatory guide). Domestic flights are cheap, but their schedules can be unpredictable.
💴 Currency
The official currency is the Turkmen Manat (TMT), but the black market rate is often much higher than the official exchange rate.
🌱 Sustainability / Ecotourism
Unfortunately, Turkmenistan does not focus on sustainable tourism. Water resources are mismanaged, and the government continues to drain the Aral Sea for cotton production.
♿ Accessibility
The country’s infrastructure is not very accessible, with few accommodations or services catering to individuals with disabilities. Even in Ashgabat, sidewalks can be difficult to navigate.
📶 Internet & Connectivity
Internet access is limited and heavily censored. While Wi-Fi is available in select locations, it is often slow. A local SIM card with 3G service is available for purchase.
🏥 Health
Healthcare facilities are outdated, and hospitals are still operating under Soviet-era standards. For serious health concerns, it’s advisable to evacuate to neighboring Turkey.
🛂 Visas & Entry Requirements
Visiting Turkmenistan requires a visa, and the process can be complicated. A letter of invitation and a mandatory guided tour are typically required, and border guards will photocopy every page of your passport.
👨👩👧👦 Family Tips
Turkmenistan may not be the most child-friendly destination. Families with young kids should be prepared for limited activities and a stricter atmosphere.
🌙 Nightlife
Turkmenistan does not have an active nightlife scene. Most cafes and restaurants close early, with the majority of the action winding down by 9 PM.
🏳️🌈 LGBT+ Friendly
LGBT+ rights are not recognized in Turkmenistan, and homosexuality is illegal. The country does not provide legal protections for the LGBT+ community.
🌇 Best Time to Visit
The best times to visit Turkmenistan are during spring (April–May) or autumn (September–October), when the weather is milder, and the temperatures are more comfortable.
⚠️ Travel Safety & Tips
It’s important to be aware of strict regulations regarding photography. Do not take pictures of police, military, or anything that might be considered “unsightly.” Your guide will be with you throughout your visit to ensure compliance with local laws.
🧳 Why to Visit?
Turkmenistan offers a truly unique experience for travelers seeking to explore a lesser-known corner of the world. With stunning natural landscapes, ancient ruins, and a rich cultural history, Turkmenistan is a place that promises an adventure unlike any other. Although it can be challenging due to strict government regulations, it remains a fascinating destination for those willing to venture off the beaten path.
